Water Quality Background
Water quality is a term used to describe the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of water. To determine water quality, scientists first measure and analyze characteristics of the water such as temperature, dissolved mineral content, and number of bacteria. Selected characteristics are then compared to numeric standards and guidelines to decide if the water is suitable for a particular use. Water quality standards consistent with the Clean Water Act help to protect and restore the quality of the Nation's waters.
Urban and industrial development, farming, mining, combustion of fossil fuels, stream-channel alteration, animal-feeding operations, military training sites, and other human activities can change the quality of natural waters. Also, chemicals such as pharmaceutical drugs, dry-cleaning solvents, and gasoline have been found in streams and ground water. When properly enforced, standards can help to indentify these water quality problems.
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